High exposure to 'forever chemicals' may raise women's blood pressure

接触在普通家用产品和土壤中发现的人造化学物质, air, 食物和水可能会增加中年妇女患高血压的风险, a new study suggests.

研究发现，中年妇女血液中每氟烷基和多氟烷基物质的浓度较高, or PFAS, 71%的人患高血压的可能性比那些低水平的人高吗. 该研究结果发表在周一的美国心脏协会杂志上 Hypertension.

“PFAS被称为‘永久化学物质’，因为它们在环境中永远不会降解，也不会污染饮用水, soil, air, food and numerous products we consume or encounter routinely," lead study author Ning Ding said in a news release.

一项研究估计，在大多数家庭饮用水中发现了两种最常见的“永久化学物质”，超过三分之二的美国人都在饮用," said Ding, 她是密歇根大学安娜堡分校公共卫生学院流行病学系的博士后.

资深研究作者Sung Kyun Park说，科学家们已经知道PFAS会破坏体内的新陈代谢. “然而，我们没有预料到我们发现的联系的强度，”他在发布会上说.

“我们希望这些发现能提醒临床医生注意PFAS的重要性，他们需要理解和认识到PFAS是血压控制的重要潜在危险因素," said Park, 密歇根大学公共卫生学院流行病学和环境健康科学副教授.

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, thousands of PFAS are used in common household products, such as some shampoos, dental floss, cosmetics, non-stick cookware, food packaging, stain-resistant coatings for carpeting, upholstery and clothing. 在被pfas污染的水中捕获的鱼和接触了含有pfas的肥料的奶牛生产的乳制品中也发现了它们.

Nearly all people tested in the U.S. have detectable concentrations of at least one PFAS in their blood, according to previously published data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 但即使是低水平的PFAS，也已被证明对健康有负面影响. 它们与心血管疾病有关，如血管功能受损和高胆固醇. 然而，人们对它们如何影响血压水平知之甚少.

In the new study, 研究人员分析了7种PFAS的血液浓度和1名青少年患高血压的风险,058名中年妇女参加了全国多污染物研究妇女健康研究.

The women – who were Black, Chinese, Japanese or white – were recruited from health institutions in Boston, Pittsburgh, southeast Michigan, Los Angeles and Oakland, California. 研究开始时，他们的年龄在45岁到56岁之间，血压正常. They were followed almost annually from 1999 to 2017.

研究人员之所以选择中年女性作为研究对象，是因为更年期是女性患高血压风险开始上升的时期, along with other cardiovascular risks.

“重要的是要注意，我们一起检查了单个PFAS以及几个PFAS, 我们发现，同时接触多种PFAS对血压有更强的影响," Park said.

“一些州开始禁止在食品包装、化妆品和个人护理产品中使用PFAS," he said. “我们的研究结果清楚地表明，需要制定限制PFAS在产品中的广泛使用的策略. 转向其他选择可能有助于降低中年妇女患高血压的风险."

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